Current Issue : January - March Volume : 2019 Issue Number : 1 Articles : 5 Articles
Objectives. To characterize tumour baseline blood flow (BF) in two lung cancer subtypes, adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous\ncell carcinoma (SCC), also investigating those â??borderlineâ? cases whose perfusion value is closer to the group mean of the other\nhistotype. Materials and Methods. 26 patients (age range 36-81 years) with primary Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC),\nsubdivided into 19 AC and 7 SCC, were enrolled in this study and underwent a CT perfusion, at diagnosis. BF values were computed\naccording to the maximum-slope method and unreliable values (e.g., arising fromartefacts or vessels) were automatically removed.\nThe one-tail Welchâ??s t-test (.....) was employed for statistical assessment. Results. At diagnosis, mean BF values (...) of AC group (.....) are significantly greater than those of SCC subtype (....) (....) However, two central SCCs undergoing artefacts from vena cava and pulmonary artery have an artificially increased mean BF.\nConclusions. The different hemodynamic behaviour of AC and SCC should be considered as a biomarker supporting treatment\nplanning to select the patients, mainly with AC, that would most benefit from antiangiogenic therapies. The significance of results\nwas achieved by automatically detecting and excluding artefactual BF values....
Aim. The objective is to compare the differences on prognosis and the therapeutic benefits between initial and second primary\ncolorectal cancer (pCRC). Methods.Adataset containing 377,271 initial pCRCcases and 18,617 second pCRCcases fromtheNational\nCancer Instituteâ??s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 1988â??2015 was evaluated. Survival comparisons were made\nusing the log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the survival benefits. Results. The cancer-specific\nsurvival rate of patients with initial pCRC was significantly higher than that of patients with second pCRC (5-years survival rate:\n64.85% vs. 60.22%, P<0.001). The Chi-square of stratified log rank for age at diagnosis was lower than that for primary site, pTNM\nstage, sex, race, histology, and grade (Chi-square=86.73). Therewere almost no differences on therapeutic benefits between patients\nwith initial and second pCRC except that treatments with chemotherapy were significantly associated with longer survival rate\ncompared with treatments without chemotherapy among stage III surgical initial and second primary left-sided colon cancers patients (HR=0.764 vs. 0.581; P for interacti Conclusion. Patients with second pCRC have worse prognosis than those\nwith initial pCRC primarily because of older age in the former group. The results evidenced that the therapeutic benefits on the\nprognosis for colorectal cancer were generally similar between patients with initial and second pCRC....
Background: To reduce patientsâ?? unnecessary suffering, Opioids Induced\nConstipation (OIC) should be identified and treated as early as possible with\nthe most current treatment. Aims: to investigate the effectiveness of prophylactic\nlaxatives in reducing the severity of OIC and its impact on cancer patientsâ??\nquality of life. Methods: A Randomized Clinical Trial design was used.\n57 cancer patients from one oncology clinic at a governmental hospital participated\nin the study. Patients in the intervention groups were given an oral\ncolonic stimulant laxative (i.e. Bisacodyl, Dose = 3 tab/day) or an oral colonic\nosmotic laxative (i.e. Lactulose, Dose = 15 ml three times per day), while patients\nin the control continue receiving their routine care as usual. Results: A\nsignificant decrease in the severity of constipation symptoms among the intervention\ngroup at four weeks post-intervention was noted (p < 0.001). In\naddition, there was a significant improvement in QOL among patients in the\nintervention group (p < 0.001) and no significant difference in the control\ngroup (p = 0.887). Conclusions: It can be concluded that the use prophylactic\nof first line laxatives concurrently with opioids decreased the severity of OIC\nand improved the QOL for cancer patients....
The purpose of this study was to update the management of invasive cervical\ncancers diagnosed during pregnancy. Patients and methods: This study was\nperformed retrospectively at radiotherapy department of National Institute of\nOncology Rabat Morocco. From 01/04/2005 to 31/05/2010, ten patients with\ninvasive cervical cancer during pregnancy were included. Results: Ten patients\nwere included in the study. The staging was as follow: stage IIIB (n = 4);\nstage IIB (n = 2) and stage IB2 (n = 4). The radical abdominal hysterectomy\nwith pelvic lymphadenectomy was performed in five patients; a therapeutic\ninterruption of pregnancy was performed in four patients. One pregnancy has\nresulted in the birth of a living child (by cesarean section). Adjuvant treatment\nwas concomitant chemoradiotherapy followed by low dose rate (LDR)\nbrachytherapy in three patients; adjuvant concomitant chemoradiotherapy\nfollowed by high dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy was performed in four patients;\na HDR brachytherapy was done in one patient. Two patients have received\nan exclusive external radiotherapy. After a median follow-up of 4 years\n(2 - 7 years), there were bone and lung metastases in one patient. Nine patients\nare alive after completed treatment. Conclusion: Our series focused on\nten patients with invasive cervical cancer during pregnancy. Management is\ncomplex and requires discussion in a multidisciplinary meeting. Routine\nscreening of cervical cancer and awareness are the key point to improve the\ntreatment and survival rate of patients. The management of all cases is according\nto international recommendations....
Introduction: Lower health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is associated with\nfatigue, poor mental and poor gastrointestinal health during the first three\nmonths after colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment. Research indicates that\nmaintaining usual activities has a positive impact on HRQoL after treatment\nfor CRC. Illness perceptions have been associated with HRQoL in other cancer\ndiseases, and self-efficacy has been associated with HRQoL in gastrointestinal\ncancer survivors. Our knowledge about illness perceptions and selfefficacy\nin relation to maintaining everyday activities and HRQoL following\nCRC treatment is incomplete. Aim: To explore associations between HRQoL,\nfatigue, mental health, gastrointestinal health, illness perceptions and selfefficacy\nin relation to maintaining everyday activities, three months after surgical\nCRC treatment. A further aim was to test the Maintain Function Scale in\na CRC population. Method: The study was cross-sectional. Forty-six persons\nparticipated. Data were collected using questionnaires. Descriptive and analytical\nstatistics were used. Results: Persons who were more fatigued, depressed,\nworried, and had more diarrhea were more likely to report lower\nHRQoL. Increased fatigue and diarrhea were associated with decreased\nHRQoL. Concerning illness perceptions, persons who reported negative emotions\nand negative consequences of CRC were more likely to report lower\nHRQoL. Persons scoring higher on self-efficacy were more likely to report\nhigher HRQoL. Increased self-efficacy was associated with increased HRQoL.\nThe Maintain Function Scale was suitable for assessing self-efficacy in relation\nto maintaining everyday activities. Conclusions: Nursing support to\nimprove self-efficacy and illness perceptions and to minimize symptoms\nduring recovery should have a favorable impact on HRQoL....
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